01ReadUnderstand the rule
02PractiseSay examples aloud
03CheckTest your understanding
Four outcomes
The sound of nūn sākinah or tanwīn changes according to the next letter. The four outcomes are clear pronunciation, merging, conversion and concealment.
Rule groups
- Iẓhār before ء ه ع ح غ خ.
- Idghām with ghunnah before ي ن م و.
- Idghām without ghunnah before ل ر.
- Iqlāb before ب.
- Ikhfā before the remaining fifteen letters.
Prepare for the following letter
The rule is not only about the n sound. Your tongue and lips must also move efficiently towards the articulation point of the next letter. Slow repetition helps the transition become natural.
Guided practice
Put the lesson into practice
- Sort twenty Quran examples into the four rules.
- Practise one example of idghām with and without ghunnah.
- Compare iẓhār and ikhfā while listening to a reliable reciter.
Quick self-check
Before you move on
Make sure you can explain or demonstrate these points without relying on the lesson text.
Iẓhār and its throat letters
Idghām with and without ghunnah
Iqlāb before bā