By the end of this lesson
- Know the seven single qualities
- Apply qalqalah at the right strength
- Avoid over-rolling the rāʼ
| Quality | Letters | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Ṣafīr (whistle) | ص ز س | A clear whistle |
| Qalqalah (echo) | ق ط ب ج د | Bounce when the letter has sukūn |
| Līn (softness) | و ي | Soft glide when sākin after fatḥah |
| Inḥirāf (leaning) | ل ر | The sound leans off its point |
| Takrīr (repetition) | ر | Can roll; keep it to a single tap |
| Tafashshī (spreading) | ش | Air spreads through the mouth |
| Istiṭālah (lengthening) | ض | Sound runs along the side of the tongue |
Qalqalah has two levels
Stopping on أَحَدْ gives a strong (major) qalqalah
يَلِدْ in the middle of the verse: a light (minor) qalqalah
PracticeWhich single quality?
شShow answer
Tafashshī (spreading)
ضShow answer
Istiṭālah (lengthening)
زShow answer
Ṣafīr (whistle)
دْ in يَلِدْShow answer
Qalqalah (minor, mid-verse)